Water edges - Field layer species for banks and pond edges

Pond edges are the preferred sites for species of moist and wet soils. The field layer species can either be planted as individuals or in combinations and they offer many opportunities. Here are presented species that can grow in very wet soil and shallow water and that can be used as transitional vegetation between land and water. 

1. The first field layer has species that grow densely, reaching heights of 2-2,5 m or more. All the species in this mix are highly invasive and will compete for space, intermingling with each other, but still being restrained from spreading into other plantings by the water depth or by the less wet soil in the neighboring areas. The dense vegetation is great for the biodiversity and offers good places for birds to nest.

2. The second field layer has species that grow up to 1,5 m.  The species can spread quickly through seeding and the rooting of loose stems.

Maintenance

The maintenance include weeding, the removal of dead foliage and stems in the spring and the cutting back of vigorous species in favor of slower ones. Reed vegetations growing in water do not require yearly mowing in order to remain in good shape. On land,  the maintenance consists of the yearly mowing in November to January. 

The article is based on "The Dynamic Landscape" by Nigel Dunnett and James Hitchmough.